鲈鱼生长激素的分离及其生物活性鉴定

运用葡聚糖凝胶Ｇ－１００过滤和反相高儿液相色谱纯化两步法,首镒从鲈鱼脑垂体中分离出鲈鱼生长激素,通过ＳＤＳ－聚丙烯凝胶电泳测得鲈鱼非还原性的和还原性的生长激素分子量分别为１９．２和２０．７ｋＤ;等电聚焦证实鲈鱼生长激素等电点为７．１５。Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ免疫印迹反应证实,鲈鱼生长激素具有与大麻哈鱼生长激素抗体发生特异性免疫交叉反应的特性,而与大麻哈鱼催乳素和生长催乳素抗体无免疫交叉反应。     

Immunolcocalization of actin in intact and DNA—and histone—depleted nuclei and chromosomes of allium cepa

The presence of actin in eukaryotic nuclei and chromosomes,and especially in higher plant nuclei and chromosomes,has not been well established.We detected actin in meristematic cells of Allium cepa with indirect immunofluorescence technique and observed bright fluorescence in the intact nuclei and chromosomes,indicating that actin is present in the nuclei and chromosomes of the higher plant.We labeld sections of the meristematic cells of A.cepa with immunogold technique,gold parti cles were concentrated in condensed chromatin and nucleoli,confirming the results of the immunofluoresence observations.We traeated the nuclei and chromosomes of A.cepa with DNase I and 2M NaCl and obtained DNA-and histone-depleted nuclei and chromosomes.Indirect immunofluorescence tests showed that the DNA-and histonedepleted nuclei and chromosomes reacted positively with the anti-actin antibodies.These results demonstrate that the anti-actin antibodies.These results demonstrate that actin exists not only in intact nuclei and chromosomes,but also in DNA-and histone-depleted nuclei and chrmosomes of the plant.In addition,our immuno-fluorescence tests indicate that tropomyosin is present in the nuclei and chromosomes of A.cepa.     

Further Consideration of the Phylogeny of Some "Traditional" Heterotrichs (Protista, Ciliophora) of Uncertain Affinities, Based on New Sequences of the Small Subunit rRNA Gene

ABSTRACT. The systematic relationships and taxonomic positions of the traditional heterotrich genera Condylostentor, Climacostomum, Fabrea , Folliculina, Peritromus , and Condylostoma , as well as the licnophorid genus Licnophora , were re-examined using new data from sequences of the gene coding for small subunit ribosomal RNA. Trees constructed using distance-matrix, Bayesian inference, and maximum-parsimony methods all showed the following relationships: (1) the "traditional" heterotrichs consist of several paraphyletic groups, including the current classes Heterotrichea, Armophorea and part of the Spirotrichea; (2) the class Heterotrichea was confirmed as a monophyletic assemblage based on our analyses of 31 taxa, and the genus Peritromus was demonstrated to be a peripheral group; (3) the genus Licnophora occupied an isolated branch on one side of the deepest divergence in the subphylum Intramacronucleata and was closely affiliated with spirotrichs, armophoreans, and clevelandellids; (4) Condylostentor , a recently defined genus with several truly unique morphological features, is more closely related to Condylostoma than to Stentor ; (5) Folliculina, Eufolliculina , and Maristentor always clustered together with high bootstrap support; and (6) Climacostomum occupied a paraphyletic position distant from Fabrea , showing a close relationship with Condylostomatidae and Chattonidiidae despite of modest support.     

直接重编程用于心脏再生治疗的研究进展

心脏再生治疗有望改变现有的心血管病治疗局面,直接重编程领域的研究为实现这一目标提供了新的有力工具。直接重编程是近年来广泛应用于细胞修复及器官移植研究的一项技术,可绕过诱导多功能干细胞中间阶段,直接将一种终末分化细胞转化为其他种类的终末分化细胞。总结了直接重编程用于心脏再生治疗的研究进展,探讨直接重编程技术尚存的问题和障碍,并展望其未来在再生医学领域的应用。     

山西霍山灌丛空隙草本植物物种多样性与更新

采用物种重要值和物种多样性指数,分析了山西霍山灌丛空隙内主要草本组成及其多样性随灌丛空隙面积梯度的变化规律。结果表明:在自然状况下形成的10 m2的灌丛空隙最多,占51.2%。灌丛空隙内草本植物的重要值高于灌丛下草本,且以10~20 m2的空隙为最高。主要草本可分为3类:(1)对灌丛空隙更新反应不明显的草本,(2)对灌丛空隙有正更新反应的草本,(3)对灌丛空隙有负更新反应的草本。灌丛空隙内的物种丰富度、多样性指数和均匀度指数均高于灌丛下,而生态优势度均小于灌丛下,呈现"单峰型"的变化趋势,且在10~20 m2达到峰值。因此,适宜大小的灌丛空隙是森林生态系统草本层植物多样性维持的重要途径。     

海桑和无瓣海桑叶片结构的比较研究

为了探讨外来植物无瓣海桑的潜在危害,采用石蜡切片法对海桑(Sonneratia caseolaris Engl.)、无瓣海桑(S.apetala B.Ham)叶片进行了解剖学研究。实验结果显示,两种植物的叶片均为等面叶;中脉维管束为周韧维管束;具4级侧脉,第1级侧脉为半周韧维管束;成熟叶片叶肉组织具发达的贮水薄壁细胞,具含单宁成分的薄壁细胞,具晶体细胞和石细胞;盐腺由表皮细胞发育而成,可分为3个发育阶段。作为外来植物的无瓣海桑,其中脉维管束具微弱形成层,叶脉维管组织比海桑更发达;贮藏组织中含单宁细胞、晶体细胞较多;栅栏组织含叶绿体多于海桑等特点,使其比海桑对环境具有更大的适应性。因此,无瓣海桑有可能成为入侵植物。     

具有反馈控制的Lotka-Volterra捕食-食饵系统研究

研究具有反馈控制的两种群Lotka-Volterra捕食系统平衡点的稳定性.通过构造适当的Lyapunov函数分别获得一组保证正平衡点和边界平衡点全局吸引的充分性条件.研究表明针对我们所采取的反馈控制策略,捕食者种群绝灭的风险加大,其可能的原因在于随着对食饵种群干扰力度的加大,捕食者种群将难以获得足够的食物,从而导致绝灭.     

Synthesis of novel ligustrazine derivatives as NA+/H+ exchange inhibitors

A novel series of 3,5,6‐trimethylpyrazine‐2‐methoxy (or methylamino) substituted benzoyl‐guanidine derivatives were designed and synthesized as Na⁺/H⁺ exchange (NHE) inhibitors. In this study, compounds with electron‐withdrawing substituents on the benzene ring seemed to improve NHE‐1 inhibitory activities. Compounds 6d, 6k , and 6l were found to be potent inhibitors of NHE‐1 (IC₅₀=3.0±1.6, 3.0±1.4, and 1.6±0.4 nmol/l, resp.). Furthermore, they showed a remarkable reduction of infarct size in the rat myocardial infarction model in vivo.     

四种石斛兰种胚发育进程研究

以玫瑰石斛、尖刀唇石斛、短棒石斛、兜唇石斛种子为材料,进行种胚非共生萌发研究,并对其种子形态和胚的发育进程进行了显微观察。结果表明:处于球形胚阶段的石斛兰种子,种胚吸胀后突破种皮,发育至吸收毛和芽生长点出现后,种胚形成原球体;种子萌芽后胚尚未成熟,只进入心形胚阶段。呈纺锤形种子的种皮两端形状不同,一端存在结点,呈弯曲状的尖形,另一端种皮呈收拢的圆口形。4种石斛兰种子,玫瑰石斛种子最长,为两端狭长的纺锤形;兜唇石斛种子最短,呈两端稍细的纺锤形。玫瑰石斛、短棒石斛、尖刀唇石斛种子胚培养需要5～10 d萌发;兜唇石斛种子和胚皆偏小,萌发需要30 d。石斛兰种胚和种皮吸水膨胀后,种胚向种皮的一端移动、脱出或种胚撕裂种皮中央后突破而出,形成裸胚。玫瑰石斛种子撕裂种皮后主要从种皮中央突破;短棒石斛、尖刀唇石斛、兜唇石斛部分种胚从种皮一端脱出,部分种胚则从中央撑破种皮脱出。充分膨胀、变绿后萌芽的裸胚,存在极性,顶部芽生长点萌动,下部出现成群散射状吸收毛。     

葱胞质雄性不育花蕾生化物质含量和能量代谢酶活性的动态变化特征

以葱胞质雄性不育系CA及其同核异质保持系CB为试材,研究了花蕾发育过程中IAA、GA3、ZR、ABA含量以及细胞色素氧化酶(COD)和ATP酶(ATPase)活性、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白质含量的动态变化规律.结果显示:(1)葱不育系花蕾的IAA和GA3含量在败育过程中显著低于保持系,而ZR和ABA含量则较保持系有不同程度的盈积.不育系花蕾COD和ATPase活性以及游离氨基酸含量、可溶性蛋白质含量在中蕾期后显著低于保持系,可溶性糖在不同发育时期均基本低于保持系.(2)不育系花蕾IAA和GA3含量与可溶性糖含量变化均呈显著正相关,不育系ZR和保持系ABA含量则分别与COD、ATPase活性以及可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质含量存在负相关关系.研究表明,葱胞质雄性不育系花蕾中IAA和GA3亏缺,而ZR和ABA盈余,各种内源激素含量和营养物质含量与能量代谢有关酶活性相关性不尽相同.